The Definite And Indefinite Articles in Arabic

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The Definite And Indefinite Articles in Arabic
The Definite And Indefinite Articles in Arabic 


                                            The Definite Article in Arabic

                   A noun or adjective is made definite by prefixing (الـ) to it.
                     a.  an old house            بيتٌ قديمٌ
                     b. the old house           البيتُ قديمٌ




Note:-

  The Feminine Marker


As in many other languages, any Arabic noun/adjective has to be either masculine or feminine. With few exceptions, the general rule is to suffix the Taa' MarbuTa (ـة/ة) to the masculine noun/adjective forms to derive the feminine ones. Examples are:

    nouns  استاذ/استاذة ،مراسل/مراسلة ، طالب/طالبة
adjectives  قديم/قديمة، جميل/جميلة  ،جديد/جديدة

However, you need to remember that the Taa' Marbuta (ـة/ة) is used in certain ancient Arabic male proper names such as:
طلحة، معاوية ، حمزة
    Also, it is used on some broken plural patterns such as:
 (giant ) عملاق/عمالقة (professor/s) استاذ/استاذة


All countries, towns, villages, etc. are treated as feminine. The exceptions to this rule are six Arab countries. These are:

الکويت, لُبنان , السودان , العراق , الأردُن , المغرب
7



The Indefinite in Arabic


As you might have noticed in the phrases in point #11 above, adjectives in Arabic usually follow nouns and agree with them in terms of number, gender, case, and definiteness/indefiniteness.
                     a. small book                   کتابٌ صغيرٌ

                     b. the small book          الکتابُ صغيرٌ

      If an adjective completely agrees with its noun in every aspect, then you have a phrase, as in examples (a) and (b) below. However, if a noun (subject) is definite and its adjective (predicate) is indefinite you have a sentence, as in (c).

                     (a) a new house                 بيتٌ جديدٌ

                     (b) the new house          البيتُ الجديدُ

                     (c) The house is newالبيتُ جديدٌ       

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